Ministry of Health and Local Experts Rally to Call Malaysians to “Check, Confirm, Consult and Change”

WORDS LIM TECK CHOON

On 24 April 2024, YB Dato’ Lukanisman Awang Sauni, the Deputy Minister of Health Malaysia, launched the public health promotion campaign, Stand Against Prediabetes; Don’t Sugarcoat It (SAPd), in Putrajaya.

WHAT IS PREDIABETES?

Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes.

Nonetheless, this higher-than-normal blood sugar levels will put one at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke in the future, if preventive measures are not taken to control their blood sugar levels.

YOU MAY HAVE PREDIABETES IF YOU HAVE:
  • HbA1c 5.7%-6.2% (39 to 44 mmol/mol).
  • Fasting plasma glucose of 6.1 to 6.9 mmol/L.
  • Oral glucose tolerance test shows that your blood glucose levels are 7.8 to 11.0 mmol/L.
WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR A PREDIABETES CAMPAIGN?
  1. An estimated 3.5 million Malaysians may have prediabetes.
  2. Because prediabetes has no symptoms, many may not be aware that they have it unless they go for a medical check-up.
  3. 1 in 10 people with prediabetes are likely to develop full-blown diabetes within a year, while up to 7 out of these 10 people may face the same outcome in 10 years.
  4. These individuals are already at risk of developing cardiovascular disease, vision loss, nerve damage, and chronic kidney disease even before diabetes sets in!
MORE ABOUT SAPd
FEATURED EXPERT
DR NURAIN MOHD NOOR
President of the Malaysian Endocrine and Metabolic Society (MEMS)

Dr Nurain Mohd Noor said during the launch: “MEMS initiated SAPd and invited the collaboration of seven other medical and allied health societies, as well as the involvement of Ministry of Health Malaysia.”

These societies include Malaysian Diabetes Educators Society (MDES), Malaysian Dietitians’ Association (MDA), Malaysian Family Medicine Specialists’ Association (FMSA), Malaysian Medical Association (MMA), Malaysian Pharmacists Society (MPS), National Heart Association Malaysia (NHAM), and The Chapter of Chemical Pathology & Metabolic Medicine, College of Pathologists, Academy of Medicine Malaysia (CPath AMM).

The SAPd programme is supported by Merck Malaysia.

Dr Nurain further remarked that SAPd managed to attain several important achievements over the last 2 years:

  • Successfully promoted the adoption of standardized prediabetes blood glucose test values in over 200 private chain, independent and hospital laboratories, as well as over 2,000 government clinics and 100 government hospitals.
  • Trained more than 2,000 healthcare professionals including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dietitians to enhance their effectiveness in the management of prediabetes.
  • Published a clinical guide for the reference of healthcare professionals, as well an educational website, booklet, and pamphlet for the public.
THE 4Cs OF SAPd
FEATURED EXPERT
PROFESSOR EMERITA DR CHAN SIEW PHENG
Consultant Endocrinologist and Chairperson of the SAPd Programme

Professor Emerita Dr Chan Siew Pheng provided further elaboration into the key message of campaign: the 4Cs or Check, Confirm, Consult, and Change.

CHECK Your Prediabetes Risk

  1. Take the online risk checker at the SAPd website (link opens in a new tab).
  2. If the results show that you are at risk, ask for a simple finger prick blood glucose test at your community pharmacy, private GP clinic, or government health clinic.

SAPd aids to enlist 700 community pharmacies nationwide to provide complimentary finger prick blood glucose tests by mid-May of this year.

CONFIRM the Presence of Prediabetes

If your finger prick blood glucose test results show a higher-than-normal blood glucose level, you will need to get a proper blood test from a laboratory, clinic or hospital.

CONSULT Your Healthcare Professional

The guidance and support of a healthcare professional is important to determine the best approach for you to manage prediabetes with lifestyle intervention and medication, if required.

By attending follow-up visits, your healthcare professional will be able to monitor your progress and keep motivating you to achieve the results you desire.

CHANGE to Reclaim Your Health

The five pillars of prediabetes management are:

  1. Lose excess body weight and maintain healthy weight.
  2. Increase physical activity and exercise.
  3. Adopt healthy lifestyle habits (getting enough good quality sleep, managing stress, and quitting smoking, vaping, alcohol and other substance abuse).
  4. Take your medications as prescribed.
  5. Team up with healthcare professionals.
Visit the SAPd website for more information and free educational downloads (link opens in a new tab). The website is available in English and Bahasa Melayu.

Top Dengue-Related Highlights from the Dengue Prevention Advocacy Malaysia Launch

WORDS LIM TECK CHOON

ABOUT THE DENGUE PREVENTION ADVOCACY MALAYSIA (DPAM) GROUP
  • DPAM is an independent advocacy group co-jointly led by the Malaysian Paediatric Association (MPA), the Malaysian Society of Infection Control and Infectious Disease (MyICID), the Malaysian Society of Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy (MSIDC), and the Malaysian Public Health Physicians Association (PPPKAM).
  • DPAM collaborates with the Malaysian Society of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (MSPTM), the Malaysian Medical Association (MMA), Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health Kuala Lumpur (APACPH-KL) and Rotary International District 3300.
  • DPAM is established to support the efforts of the Ministry of Health in strengthening dengue prevention, management, and control in Malaysia.
WHY DPAM IS NECESSARY: A POTENTIAL EMERGING DENGUE EMERGENCY
FEATURED EXPERT
DR HUSNINA IBRAHIM
Deputy Director of Disease Control Division (Communicable Diseases)
Ministry of Health Malaysia
  • Malaysia had its worst dengue outbreak in 2019, over 130,000 cases and 182 deaths.
  • The numbers declined during the MCO a few years ago. During this new normal, however, dengue numbers are once again on the rise.
  • From January to epidemiology week-22 this year, there has been a 158% rise in dengue cases and 183% increase in the deaths compared with the same period last year.

Dr Husnina Ibrahim, the Deputy Director of Disease Control Division (Communicable Diseases), said: “As Malaysia typically experiences a surge in dengue cases every 4 to 5 years, it was projected that an outbreak is due around this or next year, with an estimated number of cases potentially surpassing the historic 2019 outbreak.”

RECENT ADVANCES YIELD POSITIVE RESULTS IN THE PREVENTION & CONTROL OF DENGUE
Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes
  • The introduction of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes has significantly reduced dengue cases in 16 out of 19 localities, by 33% to 100%.
  • Wolbachia is a type of bacteria that can infect many species of invertebrates—organism with no backbone—including mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti, the mosquito that carries and spreads the dengue viruses.
  • Male Aedes aegypti infected with Wolbachia will mate with female mosquitoes, but the resulting eggs will not hatch.
  • This reduces the number of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.
Implementation of comprehensive guidelines, proper training, and a critical review of dengue mortality

These efforts have reduced the case-fatality rate by 87.3% from 2000 to 2022.

SETTING TARGETS FOR FUTURE DENGUE PREVENTION & CONTROL EFFORTS
  • The Ministry of Health has in place the National Dengue Prevention and Control Strategic Plan 2022-2026, which aims to annually reduce the number of dengue cases by 5% while maintaining the proportion of deaths compared to the number of cases (case fatality rate or CFR) below 0.2%.
  • The Ministry aims to reduce the CFR to 0% by 2030—which is to say, there should be no deaths due to dengue by that year.
DPAM TO PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN SUPPORTING THE EFFORTS OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO ACHIEVE THESE TARGETS
FEATURED EXPERT
PROFESSOR DATUK DR ZULKIFLI ISMAIL
Consultant Paediatrician and Paediatric Cardiologist
Chairman of the Dengue Prevention Advocacy Malaysia (DPAM)

Professor Datuk Dr. Zulkifli Ismail expresses his optimism that the Ministry of Health’s aforementioned targets are achievable with the active involvement of key stakeholders such as the government, civil society, academia, private sector, media, and the community.

DPAM aims to synergize efforts by various of these stakeholders in assisting the Ministry of Health to achieve its national and global dengue targets through the strengthening of dengue prevention, management, and control in Malaysia.

He said, “DPAM will focus its efforts on healthcare professional and public education and communication, local research, guideline recommendations, as well as policy recommendations.”

To foster and strengthen regional collaborations, DPAM will work closely with the Asian Dengue Voice & Action (ADVA), a regional advocacy group. Their first collaborative initiative is the hosting of the 7th Asia Dengue Summit in Malaysia next year.

DPAM also released a Resolution Paper that contained key strategies for all relevant stakeholders to create a “whole of society” approach.