Gut Health Revolution: How Probiotics Could Be a Key to Weight Loss

WORDS LIYANA TAN ABDULLAH & DR NURUL HUDA RAZALLI

FEATURED EXPERTS

LIYANA TAN ABDULLAH
BSc Applied Chemistry UM
Student of Master Clinical Nutrition
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
DR NURUL HUDA RAZALLI
Senior Lecturer
Dietetic Programme
Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (H-CARE)
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
GETTING TO KNOW PROBIOTICS BETTER
  • Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that are beneficial for your health, especially your digestive system. Often referred to as ‘good’ or ‘helpful’ bacteria, they help keep your gut healthy.
  • Probiotics are naturally found in your body, but they can also be ingested through certain foods and supplements.
  • Probiotic products contain selective, beneficial types of microbes to add to the populations already living in your body.
  • They are crucial in maintaining a balanced gut microbiota, the community of microorganisms living in the intestines. The human gut is home to trillions of bacteria, a complex ecosystem that plays a vital role in digesting food, synthesizing nutrients, and defending against pathogens. Probiotics contribute to this ecosystem by enhancing its function and restoring its natural balance when it has been disrupted.
  • Some studies suggest that certain probiotics may aid in weight loss by influencing metabolism and fat storage.
PROBIOTIC PRODUCTS IN THE MARKET
  • Many probiotics are oral supplements designed to be ingested into your gastrointestinal tract.
  • Others are topical products that you can apply to your skin or to the mucous membranes inside your body cavities, like your nose or genitals. These are all places where beneficial microbes commonly live.
  • You can also obtain probiotics from your natural food. Yes, tempeh, yogurt, kefir, kimchi, sourdough bread, and other usually fermented foods are probiotic-rich.
THE LINK BETWEEN PROBIOTICS & OBESITY

Variation in the composition of the gut microbiota results in health deterioration due to the mechanisms they employ to maintain appropriate homeostasis, including immune system modification, metabolic signaling, endocrine signaling, neuronal signaling, and epigenetics.

The condition is closely linked to various metabolic disorders, including elevated cholesterol levels, type 2 diabetes, heart and vascular diseases, and osteoporosis.

Consequently, addressing obesity through prevention and treatment is crucial, more so with the integration of innovative scientific approaches and technologies like artificial intelligence.

Probiotics, regarded by the WHO and FAO in 2002 as beneficial live microorganisms that confer health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts, are a testament to this.

They positively affect the host by establishing themselves within the human body and altering the microbial composition at specific sites. By modulating the mucosal and systemic immune functions or adjusting the intestinal microbiota balance, they facilitate nutrient absorption and intestinal health, offering health-promoting effects whether as single or mixed microorganisms with a defined composition.

The connection between gut health and obesity has become a focal point of modern medical research. Studies suggest that the composition of gut microbiota in obese individuals differs significantly from that of healthy individuals, indicating a potential link between gut microbes and obesity.

Probiotics interact with the host through pattern recognition receptors in intestinal cells, such as Toll-like receptors, and these can play multiple roles in the individual’s body.

The mechanisms of action of probiotics associated with obesity control may be modulation of endogenous microbiota functions that affect interaction with the host, competitive exclusion of pathogens, improved epithelial barrier function and other innate immune responses, modulation of fat absorption and excretion, reduced endotoxemia and inflammation, and modulation of numerous genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis or lipolysis in adipose tissue.

Gut Microbiota and Body Weight Regulation

Research shows that certain strains of gut bacteria are more prevalent in individuals who are obese compared to those who are not. These bacteria may influence weight by affecting the body’s metabolism, increasing energy extraction from food, and altering the way fat is stored in the body.

Probiotics and Weight Loss

Research indicates that specific probiotic strains could be effective for weight loss in obese individuals.

Some studies have found that introducing specific probiotic strains such as Hafnia alvei can help reduce body weight and body mass index (BMI) in obese individuals.

Probiotics may aid weight loss by improving the balance of the gut microbiota, reducing inflammation, and influencing hormones and proteins related to appetite and fat storage.

Prebiotics and Synergistic Effects

Prebiotics, non-digestible fibers that feed beneficial gut bacteria, can also play a role in managing obesity. When combined with probiotics, prebiotics can enhance the growth and activity of healthy gut bacteria, leading to improved gut health and potentially contributing to weight loss.

HOW CAN OUR GUT MICROBIOTA BECOME UNBALANCED?
External Factors

Diet, drug intake, and lifestyle habits—smoking, alcohol intake, and disrupted sleeping habits—which can easily influence the bacterial communities in the gut.

Bacterial Metabolites from the Gut

These metabolites, such as SCFAs, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and tryptophan, have a substantial influence on the regulation of the gut-brain axis.

For example, even a short-term (5-days) consumption of diets composed entirely of animal or plant products alters the microbial community structure, affecting microbial gene expression among individuals.

Fermentable dietary fibre, prebiotics, and probiotic-based diets contribute to the proliferation of SCFA-producing bacteria, which might influence gut-brain communication and brain function directly or indirectly through immune, endocrine, vagal, and other humoral pathways.

THE CHALLENGES IN USING DIET AS A MEANS TO ACHIEVE & MAINTAIN BALANCED GUT MICROBIOTA

Firstly, individual variability plays a significant role. The gut microbiota is highly personal and can be influenced by genetics, age, diet, lifestyle, and even antibiotic use.

This variability means that what works for one person may not work for another, making personalized nutrition and probiotic supplementation strategies necessary.

Furthermore, modern lifestyles and diets often work against the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiota. Processed foods, high sugar consumption, and the overuse of antibiotics can disrupt the delicate balance of gut bacteria, making it difficult to restore or maintain a healthy gut environment.

Additionally, stress and lack of sleep can also negatively affect gut health, adding another layer of complexity to managing gut microbiota.

Lastly, the current regulatory environment regarding probiotics and dietary supplements can be a challenge for consumers. The market is flooded with products claiming to support gut health, but not all of these products are effective or safe. The lack of stringent regulation and standardized testing protocols makes it challenging for individuals to make informed choices about the probiotics and prebiotics they choose to incorporate into their diets.

WHAT CAN WE DO TO MAINTAIN A HEALTHY GUT MICROBIOTA?

Beyond diet and supplementation, holistic approaches that encompass emotional well-being and physical activities play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced gut microbiota.

Healthy Food and Physical Activities

Use the Malaysian Healthy Plate as simple yet effective guide to help you balance your meals on a 10-inch plate.

Imagine dividing your plate into 4 parts.

  • One quarter is dedicated to carbohydrates like rice, noodles, bread, grains, or tubers, ensuring you have the energy to power through your day.
  • The next quarter is reserved for proteins such as fish, poultry, meat, or legumes, supporting muscle repair and growth.
  • The remaining half is where colourful vegetables and fruits come in, flooding your body with essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Healthy Emotional Well-being
  • Practice activites that promote emotional well-being, such as mindfulness, meditation, adequate sleep, and stress management techniques.

Through a comprehensive approach that includes healthy eating, exercise, and stress reduction, individuals can support their gut microbiota’s balance, thereby enhancing their overall health and well-being.

References:

  1. Coradduzza, D., Sedda, S., Cruciani, S., De Miglio, M. R., Ventura, C., Nivoli, A., & Maioli, M. (2023). Age-related cognitive decline, focus on microbiome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International journal of molecular sciences, 24(4), 3756. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043756
  2. Dalile, B., Van Oudenhove, L., Vervliet, B., & Verbeke, K. (2019). The role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota-gut-brain communication. Nature reviews gastroenterology & hepatology, 16(8), 461-478. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0157-3
  3. Déchelotte, P., Breton, J., Trotin-Picolo, C., Grube, B., Erlenbeck, C., Bothe, G., Fetissov, S. O., & Lambert, G. (2021). The probiotic strain H. alvei HA4597® improves weight loss in overweight subjects under moderate hypocaloric diet: A proof-of-concept, multicenter randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Nutrients, 13(6), 1902. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061902
  4. Jokela, M., Virtanen, M., Batty, G. D., & Kivimäki, M. (2016). Inflammation and specific symptoms of depression. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(1), 87-88. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.1977
  5. Luoto, R., Kalliomäki, M., Laitinen, K., & Isolauri, E. (2010). The impact of perinatal probiotic intervention on the development of overweight and obesity: Follow-up study from birth to 10 years. International journal of obesity, 34(10), 1531-1537. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.50
  6. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. (2019, August). Probiotics: What you need to know. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics-what-you-need-to-know
  7. Zhang, J., Mu, J., Li, X., & Zhao, X. (2022). Relationship between probiotics and obesity: A review of recent research. Food science and technology, 42, e47621. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.47621

Uncovering the Secret Connection Between Hormones and Your Weight

WORDS ANAS ALMASWARY & PROFESSOR DR SUZANA SHAHAR

FEATURED EXPERTS

ANAS ALMASWARY
Master’s Student in Clinical Nutrition
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
PROFESSOR DR SUZANA SHAHAR
Dietetic Program
Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness
Faculty of Health Sciences
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Are you tired of struggling with weight loss or weight gain despite your best efforts at diet and exercise? Do you find yourself constantly wondering why your body refuses to cooperate, leaving you feeling frustrated and defeated?

HOW HORMONES IMPACT YOUR WEIGHT

Hormones regulate our activity in many ways, not just as simple ‘on and off’ switches that determine if we feel like exercising.

They also influence weight gain and loss by controlling energy intake, appetite, and metabolic balance.

Ghrelin

A hormone produced mainly in the gut, ghrelin has been implicated in the regulation of food intake and meal frequency as well as energy balance.

High levels of ghrelin before meals and during fasting act to stimulate appetite by signaling hunger.

The levels of this hormone revert back to normal values after meals, to help regulate appetite and satiety.

Leptin

When you are overweight, your levels of leptin go up to tell your brain you have plenty of energy.

However, people with obesity can develop a resistance to leptin. Even when their leptin levels increase, their brain no longer recognizes the satiety signal, and they continue to overeat.

Weight loss helps to improve leptin sensitivity, making it easier to lose weight.

Insulin

This is another hormone associated with weight management.

It regulates blood sugar levels after meals, and is influenced by how often and what you eat.

Endurance exercises increase insulin sensitivity. This allows the body to better process carbohydrates and store less fat.

Thyroid hormones

Moreover, thyroid hormones (T4 and T3) also help to regulate your metabolism.

If your thyroid hormone levels lower, such as due to an underactive thyroid or hypothyroidism, your digestive system may act at a slower pace, bringing about weight gain.

When your thyroid is overactive (hyperthyroidism), your metabolism speeds up, and you may lose weight.

Cortisol

The stress hormone cortisol has also been shown to play a role in weight control and affects eating behavior by increasing motivation and consumption of junk foods.

Likewise, chronically stressed people may prefer more energy-dense comfort foods, leading to weight gain over time.

KNOWLEDGE LEADS TO UNDERSTANDING

It is important to understand how hormones like ghrelin, leptin, insulin, thyroid hormones, and cortisol interact with lifestyle behaviors such as diet, exercise, sleep, and stress.

This understanding enables the design of personalized weight control strategies. These strategies can help correct hormonal imbalances and support long-term, successful weight manage.

YOU MAY HAVE HORMONAL IMBALANCE & SHOULD SEE A DOCTOR IF YOU:
  • Experience unusual weight gain or loss.
  • Develop increased sensitivity to cold or heat.
  • Have Increased thirst and urination.
  • Experience insomnia or have difficulties in sleeping.
  • Have irregular or heavy periods, missed periods, or painful periods.
  • Experience mood changes such mood swings, anxiety, depression.
  • Experience fatigue or low energy.
  • Are infertile or have difficulties in getting pregnant.
HOW OTHER FACTORS CAN LEAD TO HORMONE IMBALANCES

Several factors can cause hormone imbalances, including genetics, lifestyle choices, stress and anxiety levels, sleep patterns, and diet.

The balance of these factors can affect the hormonal control of ghrelin, cortisol, insulin, GLP-1, and leptin, which are important for appetite control and body weight balance.

For instance, increased psychological stress can affect hormone levels such as cortisol and ghrelin, changing eating behaviors.

Additionally, lack of sleep, poor dietary habits, and a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to hormonal imbalances, which may compromise weight control and metabolism.

Overall, a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental influences can lead to hormonal imbalances, potentially contributing to issues like obesity and difficulties in weight control.

NATURAL STRATEGIES FOR BALANCING YOUR HORMONES
  1. Increasing your water intake
  2. Adjust the macronutrient composition of meals.
  3. Eat more frequent smaller meals with moderate proteins and limited fats.
  4. Ensure that you have adequate sleep
  5. Take steps to reduce stress levels
  6. Incorporate at least 30 minutes of exercise a day into your daily routine.

Addressing these lifestyle factors and their impact on hormone levels can help many people achieve better hormonal balance and support effective weight control

Additionally, working with a team of professionals, including physicians, psychologists, dietitians, nutritionists, and exercise physiologists, for personalized strategies can further enhance hormonal balance and overall weight management.

References:

  1. Monalisa, R. (2015). Role of leptin in obesity. Research journal of pharmacy and technology, 8(8), 1073-1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00185.7
  2. Schwarz, N. A., Rigby, B. R., La Bounty, P., Shelmadine, B., & Bowden, R. G. (2011). A review of weight control strategies and their effects on the regulation of hormonal balance. Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2011, 237932. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/237932
  3. Severo, J. S., Morais, J. B. S., de Freitas, T. E. C., Andrade, A. L. P., Feitosa, M. M., Fontenelle, L. C., de Oliveira, A. R. S., Cruz, K. J. C., & do Nascimento Marreiro, D. (2019). The role of zinc in thyroid hrmones metabolism. International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 89(1-2), 80–88. https://doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000262
  4. Treasure, N.-O., Johnkennedy, N., Chinyere, O., Amarachi, I. P., & Chioma, N. (2022). The perspective of hormonal imbalance in humans: A review. Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports, 3(11). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/368720563_Acta_Scientific_Clinical_Case_Reports_The_Perspective_of_Hormonal_Imbalance_in_Humans_A_Review_Case_Report

Getting the Timing Right: Sleep and Meal Strategies for Weight Management

WORDS VOON SUK CHEN & DR FATIN HANANI MAZRI

FEATURED EXPERTS

VOON SUK CHEN
Nutritionist and Student of Master’s in Clinical Nutrition
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
DR FATIN HANANI MAZRI
Lecturer of Dietetic Programme
School of Healthcare Sciences
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

When it comes to managing one’s weight, most people tend to think about watching their calories. But do you know that the timing of your sleep and meals is just as important?

Your body follow a natural rhythm that controls all sorts of stuff happening inside you. It’s time to uncover the secrets of your body clock and how they can help you keep your weight in check.

WHY TIMING MATTERS

Have you ever wondered why you consistently feel sleepy as night approaches and your stomach starts growling around the same time each day?

It’s all thanks to your body’s internal clock, known as circadian rhythm.

Our internal clock

The term ‘circadian’ originates from ‘circa’ meaning ‘cycle’ and ‘diem’ meaning ‘day.

It represents the daily oscillation of various molecular, physiological and behavioural processes, including the sleep-wake cycle.

This helps to induce and promote sleep, ensuring that your sleep patterns align with the 24-hour day-night cycle.

How does the internal clock work?

Your internal body clock synchronizes with the day-night cycle through light signals.

During the day, it receives light signals, like sunlight, through retina receptors in your eyes. This stimulates metabolism and physiological processes that promote wakefulness.

As night falls, the body clock detects weaker light stimuli, triggering night-time activities and inducing sleepiness, aided by the release of melatonin.

By aligning your circadian rhythms with the day-night cycle, your internal clock ensures sufficient rest for daytime productivity.

How the internal clock affects our eating-fasting cycle

The eating-fasting cycle is also orchestrated by the internal body clock.

During the daytime, digestive system is optimized for efficient nutrient absorption and energy utilization, while hunger hormones are regulated to promote appetite and energy intake.

Whereas at night, your physiology is geared towards rest, and your digestive system slows down.

Ideally, based on the internal clock, you are meant to be physically active and eating during the day, and sleeping and fasting at night.

However, your internal body clock cycle can be disrupted by erratic 24-hour day-night activities, such as:

  • The modernization of our lives.
  • Exposure to artificial light around the clock.
  • High calorie food being accessible 24-hours.

This disruption can have adverse effects on your efforts to maintain our health, which includes weight management.

THE LINK BETWEEN THE TIMING OF OUR SLEEP & EATING AND OBESITY

Sleep-wake and eating-fasting cycles are 2 vital physiological and behavioural activities that are regulated by internal body clock, and they influence one another.

Staying up late can lead to late-night snacks and weight gain

Eating closer to bedtime, when your internal body clock is telling us that it’s rest time, it can mess with the normal rhythm of internal body clock and eventually promote weight gain.

Picture this: you had dinner at 7.00 pm, and you’re still awake at 1.00 am. That’s a long stretch to feel hungry and be tempted to snack. Staying up late gives you a large window of opportunity to eat, especially if there’s a big gap until bedtime.

Those late-night munchies can easily lead to unwanted weight gain.

Eating 2 to 3 hours before bedtime can lead to weight gain

Your internal body clock will stimulate the production of melatonin, a hormone that make you feel sleepy, 2 to 3 hours prior to usual bedtime.

Eating close to the onset of melatonin production has been associated with insulin resistance as well as greater body fat percent and waist circumference.

Eating more later in the day can lead to more weight gain

Several studies reported that your body burns less calorie (diet-induced thermogenesis, DIT) during dinner compared to breakfast.

The decrease in DIT reflects a reduction in energy expenditure from digestion, absorption, and metabolism of the nutrients ingested.

Therefore, if you eat more of calories towards later in the day, you are more likely to gain more weight compared to those that eat earlier in the day.

Lack of sleep can make us hungry and eat more than we should

Not getting enough sleep due to late sleep can mess with important hunger hormones like leptin and ghrelin, which can leave you feeling hungrier and more likely to overeat.

On top of that, it affects your brain’s ability to make healthy choices and control cravings.

Studies have shown that sleep-deprived individuals have poor food choices, and they tend to go for high calorie and unhealthy foods.

5 WAYS TO ALIGN YOUR BEHAVIOURS WITH YOUR INTERNAL CLOCK & OPTIMIZE YOUR WEIGHT MANAGEMENT EFFORTS 
  1. Sleep early. Don’t let late nights tempt you into reaching for those late-night snacks. Aim for an early bedtime, ideally aligning with the natural day-night cycle.
  2. Have an adequate amount of sleep. The National Sleep Foundation and the Sleep Health Foundation recommend 7 to 9 hours of sleep for adults.
  3. Maintain a consistent sleep schedule. Stick to a routine, even on weekends, to keep your circadian rhythm on track and promote better sleep quality.
  4. Have regular meals and avoid late-night eating. Establish regular mealtimes and try to avoid eating close to bedtime. Give yourself at least a three-hour gap between your last meal and sleep.
  5. Eat more calories earlier in the day. Follow the age-old wisdom of “eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince, and dine like a pauper.” Focus on consuming a substantial portion of your daily caloric intake during breakfast and lunch.

Aligning your sleep and eating patterns with circadian rhythms is important for effective weight management. So, the next time you find yourself struggling with your weight, remember that it’s not just about calories.

Take a moment to listen to your body’s natural rhythm, prioritize adequate and quality sleep, stick to consistent sleep and meal schedules, and avoid late-night eating.

These small adjustments can help maintain a healthy weight and achieve a healthier you. Your body and waistline will thank you for it!

References:

  1. Al Khatib, H. K., Harding, S. V., Darzi, J., & Pot, G. K. (2017). The effects of partial sleep deprivation on energy balance: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of clinical nutrition, 71(5), 614–624. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2016.201
  2. Bacaro, V., Ballesio, A., Cerolini, S., Vacca, M., Poggiogalle, E., Donini, L. M., Lucidi, F., & Lombardo, C. (2020). Sleep duration and obesity in adulthood: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity research & clinical practice, 14(4), 301–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2020.03.004
  3. Boege, H. L., Bhatti, M. Z., & St-Onge, M. P. (2021). Circadian rhythms and meal timing: impact on energy balance and body weight. Current opinion in biotechnology, 70, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2020.08.009
  4. Chaput, J. P., McHill, A. W., Cox, R. C., Broussard, J. L., Dutil, C., da Costa, B. G. G., Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., & Wright, K. P., Jr (2023). The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 19(2), 82–97. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41574-022-00747-7
  5. Dashti, H. S., Gómez-Abellán, P., Qian, J., Esteban, A., Morales, E., Scheer, F. A. J. L., & Garaulet, M. (2021). Late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk traits, obesogenic behaviors, and impaired weight loss. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 113(1), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa264
  6. Mazri, F. H., Manaf, Z. A., Shahar, S., Mat Ludin, A. F., & Abdul Basir, S. M. (2022). Development and evaluation of integrated chrono-nutrition weight reduction program among overweight/obese with morning and evening chronotypes. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(8), 4469. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19084469
  7. Richter, J., Herzog, N., Janka, S., Baumann, T., Kistenmacher, A., & Oltmanns, K. M. (2020). Twice as high diet-induced thermogenesis after breakfast vs dinner on high-calorie as well as low-calorie meals. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 105(3), dgz311. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz311

Be Careful of This Viral Health “Advice”! Yes, Elon Musk Can Be Wrong Too!

WORDS LIM EN NI

FEATURED EXPERT
LIM EN NI
Chief Pharmacist
Alpro Pharmacy

A recent weight loss trend among TikTok users is the use of the diabetes medication Ozempic, which gathered over a million views—and counting!—using the hashtag #ozempic and #ozempicjourney. Even Elon Musk credited it as one of the reasons he shed 13 kg.

Ozempic is actually one of the many brand names for semaglutide, an anti-diabetic medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and, in the United States, as anti-obesity medication for long-term weight management.

However, it is not the ultimate answer for obesity as it is a prescription medicine indicated for type 2 diabetes, which requires a patient to go get a complete medication review.

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOU MISUSE THIS MEDICATION?
  • Overdose of Ozempic or other similar prescription can cause low blood sugar or hypoglycaemia, which can lead to more health complications
  • Common side effects include gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and constipation
  • Other possible side effects include pancreatitis, changes in vision, low blood sugar, kidney failure and gallbladder issues.
  • Furthermore, it is not suitable for people with medullary thyroid cancer or certain endocrine disorders
THE GO-TO OPTION TO REDUCE BODY WEIGHT SHOULD ALWAYS BE LIFESTYLE & DIET MODIFICATION

Diet is the key component in weight management. Many people are aware of this, but only a few succeeded in making changes to their diet in order to achieve a healthy body weight.

This is because most people initiate the lifestyle and diet changes without proper planning and consultation from experts such as nutritionists and dietitians.

With proper consultation from nutritionist and dietitian, weight loss progression can be measured with a much higher success rate.

Dietitian can personalize weight management plan effectively and safely while taking into account the underlying contributing factor needs to be addressed for each individual.

THE RISK OF BUYING OZEMPIC FROM UNLICENSED OR ILLEGAL SOURCES WITHOUT A PROPER PRESCRIPTION

In cases where one requires Ozempic, it should only be used under a doctor’s prescription and purchased from a licensed pharmacy.

Members of the public should keep in mind to not purchase this drug online via illegal sources as this puts their health at risk health.

They will also subject genuine people with diabetes that need this medication to unnecessary distress, should the medication run out of stock due to the self-prescribing habit of the netizens.

Another issue of note is that this medication has to be handled with care under tight temperature control as it is a cold chain medicine. Once the cold chain is broken, the efficacy may be affected and may also cause unwanted side effects.

Diets & Exercise Tips to Regain Your Pre-Pregnancy Body Shape

WORDS DR VICKY KOH

FEATURED EXPERT
DR VICKY KOH
Medical Director
Clinic RX
WELL, READ THIS FIRST

Every woman’s body is unique. Therefore, the question of the ‘right option’ or ‘best option’ is something that each and every woman has to figure out on her own.

For example, mothers that breastfeed often experience rapid weight loss and may benefit from an increased intake of certain nutrients or supplements. Women that gave birth via caesarean section may need a longer time to recover. Existing health issues and lifestyle variables also need to be considered.

If you are interested to find out more about the topics discussed below, you should discuss the matter further with your doctor.

BREASTFEEDING CONSIDERATIONS

Postpartum weight loss averages about 4.5 to 5.5 kg in the first 6 weeks. Women often return to their pre-pregnancy weight within a year, though this time frame varies depending on how much weight was gained during their pregnancy.

Breastfeeding aids in weight loss since it consumes extra calories, resulting in a natural weight loss for many women.

Breastfeeding women should pay special attention to their diets at this time.

While experiencing weight loss after giving birth may seem like a good idea, doing so too quickly will actually hinder healing!

POST-PREGNANCY DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS

Dietary recommendations should include a variety of fresh produce, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats.

Breastfeeding mothers, in particular, should drink a lot of water (6-10 glasses daily). Try to stay away from sodas and other sugary drinks.

Meanwhile, for moms that had a C-section, they should focus on eating foods that are high in protein. Avoid junk foods and take vitamin supplements, especially if they are nursing.

Vitamin and mineral supplements are crucial for moms during and after pregnancy.

This is because nutrients such as calcium, iron, vitamin D, folic acid, zinc, and more are normally redirected from the mother’s bloodstream to the developing infant.

Furthermore, the delivery process as well as breastfeeding depletes the body of essential vitamins.

Hence, postnatal supplements such as calcium, vitamin D, B vitamins, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), magnesium, selenium, iodine, and choline may be helpful in replenishing nutrients that were used up during pregnancy and after childbirth.

EXERCISE RECOMMENDATIONS

Regular exercise after childbirth will help strengthen and tone your muscles while increasing your energy levels and making you feel less weary.

It also aids in the loss of excess weight.

During the first 6 weeks, the uterus returns to its pre-pregnancy size, and some women may feel uterine cramping and discharge.

However, mothers are recommended to gradually resume their exercise habits, starting with less strenuous activities during the first few weeks after giving birth.

A few days after delivery, you can start doing gentle abdominal and pelvic floor exercises if they don’t cause you any pain.

Try to proceed at your own pace—you can gradually increase the duration and tempo of your workout of over time.

Swimming, cycling, yoga, pilates, mild weight training, and low-impact aerobics are all good alternatives after the first few weeks.